Key Ingredients in Fish Feed Pellets Produced by a sinking fish feed making machine

Core starch raw materials: a key support for extrusion molding. Starch raw materials provide the "skeleton" for fish feed extrusion, and their gelatinization performance directly determines whether a sinking fish feed extruder can form a stable porous structure suitable for the floating feed needs of mid-to-upper-level fish. Corn flour and wheat flour are preferred, as these raw materials have a moderate gelatinization temperature (60-70℃). Under the high temperature of 120-160℃ and high pressure of 3-6MPa in the extruder, the degree of gelatinization can reach over 80%, quickly forming a network structure to ensure the buoyancy and compactness of the pellets. The proportion of corn flour is usually 30%-50%, which can be increased to 40%-50% for floating feeds and reduced to 25%-35% for sinking feeds. Wheat flour has stronger viscosity and can be used in combination (10%-15%) to alleviate the problem of die clogging in the extruder and enhance the water resistance of the pellets. Raw materials with high resistant starch content (such as aged corn) should be avoided, as they are difficult to gelatinize, increase the energy consumption of the floating feed making machine, and easily lead to incomplete extrusion.

Core Protein Raw Materials: The core carrier of nutrition. Protein raw materials provide essential amino acids for fish growth and must be compatible with the floating feed extruder machine process to avoid inhibiting starch gelatinization. High-quality animal protein is preferably fishmeal (15%-25%), which has a balanced amino acid ratio and is less prone to excessive denaturation under the high-temperature conditions of the extruder, retaining over 80% of its nutritional value. Plant protein is mainly soybean meal (20%-30%), which is cost-effective, but anti-nutritional factors must be removed beforehand, otherwise it will affect fish digestion, and excessive addition (above 35%) will inhibit starch gelatinization, resulting in loose extruder pellets. In addition, a small amount of silkworm pupa powder and meat and bone meal (5%-10%) can be added to supplement protein and improve palatability, but the moisture content must be controlled to ≤10% to prevent sticking to the extruder screw.

Techniques for Properly Matching Starch and Protein Ratios The ratio of starch and protein in the feed needs to be adjusted in conjunction with the parameters of the mini floating fish feed machine and the type of feed: For floating feed, the starch content should be 40%-50% and the protein content 30%-40%, suitable for the high temperature and high pressure (130-160℃, 4-6MPa) conditions of the extruder, ensuring adequate buoyancy; for sinking feed, the starch content should be 25%-35% and the protein content 35%-45%, reducing the temperature and pressure of the extruder (120-140℃, 3-4MPa) and minimizing porosity. If the ratio is unbalanced, excessive starch will lead to insufficient granule nutrition, while excessive protein will exacerbate wear on the extruder and affect the forming effect. Small-batch trial production is needed to optimize the ratio, and the parameters of the dog food manufacturing machine should be fine-tuned simultaneously.

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